Gardenia absolute (Gardenia jasminoides) cannot be steam distilled due to the heat sensitivity of its fragrant compounds, so it is obtained by solvent extraction or headspace capture. The key fragrant constituents include cis-linalool oxide, benzyl acetate, and methyl benzoate. Gardenia extracts have demonstrated antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities attributed to the iridoid geniposide, though this is more concentrated in the fruit than the flower.^[1]